HEAVY METALS IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
Yun-Wen CHI, Shun-Long CHEN ,* Mo-Hsiung YANG ,*
and Mong-Ling CHU **
Department of Pediatrics, 815 Air Force Hospital,
Ping-Tung;
Institute of Nuclear Science, National Tsing-Hwa
University,* Sin-Chu,
Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General
Hospital, National Defense Medical Center,**
Taipei;
Taiwan, R.O.C.
Traditional Chinese medicine are still widely
used by natives in Taiwan.Some Traditional Chinese
medicine prepared with ancient formulas have been
found to contain some heavy metals.
Herbal medicine doctors prefer complex mineral
drugs as did their ancestors thousands of years ago.
About nine years ago, the National Laboratories
of Foods and Drugs, Department of Health, Executive
Yuan received one case report of five months old
female infant died of longterm feeding with "
Ba-Pao-Neu-Hwang-San ". The drug contained lead
44,000 ppm.
In the last two years, we have collected 11
drug samples from different manufacturers and
measured the concentration of heavy metals in these
drugs with Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic
Emission Spectrometry and Graphite Furnace Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry. The result of our survey
revealed that the first sample (from Tainan )
contained mercury 52,800 ppm, the fourth ( from
Ping-tung )contained mercury 34,500 ppm, and the
fifth ( from Sin-chu ) contained mercury 65,700
ppm. The mercurial contents of these samples were
apparently too high to be a safe drug.
2011年3月31日 星期四
2011年3月30日 星期三
World Congress of European Toxicologist Association
A speech of mine in 1994, XVI World Congress of European Toxicologist Association;
Dear Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:
It is a great honor for me to be invited here talk on my topic "
HEAVY METALS IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE " . I am doctor Chi, from
Taiwan, the Republic of China.
First, I will show you some cases We have met in the past three years.
The first case is a 14-month-old female child with severe
failure to thrive, she was only 6 kg. She did not gain any weight since 6
months old. She could not sit and crawl by herself. This is the radiological
study of her hand, we can find the lead line on the epiphysis of radius.
The history revealed she was fed with herb drugs for three months. The
drug sample was checked with lead content 1,300 ppm.
The second case is a 1-month-old male baby admitted to pediatric
surgery ward due to intestinal obstruction. The surgeon found a big mass
in the ileum during explaratory laparotomy. The baby was fed with two kinds
of herb drug preparations by his grandparents.
This picture is a 20-day-old female baby with intestinal obstruction. She was
found to have radiopaque material in the whole abdomen. She was fed with
herb drug for one week.
In this slide, it is a 7-month-old male baby with severe failure to
thrive and intractable seizure attack. He was only 3.3 kg, it is lighter
than his birth weight 3.4 kg. The herb drug fed by the parents was found
to contain lead 470 ppm.
This is a case of severe anemia, the one year old male child was
admitted to our hospital on account of anemia, the blood smear showed
basophilic stippling. The child needed repeat blood transfusions as the
hemoglobin decreased from 7 to 3.5 gm % in five months period. The herb
drug fed by the grandparents was found to contain large amount of lead,
mercury, arsenic and chromium.
In the past three years, we have collected eleven herb drug samples
and checked sixteen metal elements with graphite furnace atomic absorption
spectrometry and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
And we find the mineral content varies between different manufacturers
and even different lot numbers of the same factory.
One of the samples contains Vanadmium 90 ppm, Aluminum 22,960 ppm,
Iron 26,000 ppm , Manganese 490 ppm, Zinc 1,460 ppm, Copper 241 ppm,
Calcium 5,930 ppm and Magnesium 2,390 ppm.
This result implies the herb drug doctor does not know exactly what
kind of minerals he has added to the preparation.
In this table, we can find in this item the Arsenic content is 19,600
ppm, Lead content is from 0.37 to 7.12 ppm, Cadmium is only trace amount.
Mercurial content is variable from trace amount to the highest one 62,700
ppm.
The metals which we needed as iron, calcium and magnesium were also
found. In this column we can see the calcium is 3.27 %, iron is 2.6 %,
magnesium 1.78 %.
This table is the acceptable daily intake of heavy metals estimated by
the department of health.
This slide is the raw material of mineral herb drugs, cinnabar' realgar and
tremolite.
All of you would wonder 1) why the herb drug doctor uses heavy metals
as major drugs in spite of its toxicity ? 2) Why the ancient Chinese
medicine preferred complex mineral drugs.
We should traced back to the history of Chinese medicine.
The metal elements were used before Han dynasty, about 2,500 years ago.
The herb drug doctor supposed the durability of metals, especially gold, can
prolong the life of man, even immortal.
This book with orange cover, Shen-Nong-Pen-Tsao-Ching, is believed to
be written 2,500 years ago, and first revised 2,000 years ago, is still
now the pharmacological Bible of herb drug doctor. 41 minerals were well
documented in this book. They were divided into superior, middle and
inferior groups. The superior group were thought to be " not toxic,
you can eat as much as you can, it will prolong your life, even immortal ";
The middle group were thought to be " some not toxic, some toxic, if the
doctor uses it properly, it always cure disease "; The inferior group were
thought to be " toxic, you should not eat too much, but it might be
effective in some diseases caused by cold and hot wind "
Here are the two major principles in herb drug preparation:
1. The manufacturer should obey ancient formula
2. Family inherited secret ancient formula is always the best one
All of you know Joseph Needham in Cambridge, England. He is now 90
years old. He devoted at least 50 years in studying the science and
civilization in ancient China.
He found that according to the ancient record:
1. Arsenic compounds had sedative effect for a short period;
2. Realgar really encouraged the sexual desire at the very beginning;
3. When the metalic " tan " made the votary die of heavy metal
intoxication, the cadava did not corrupt several years later.
It is the " acceptable form of immortal " 2,000 years ago.
But it is only the superficial reasons. He says that the scientific
explanations of metalic drugs are as follows:
( And here we can see the original idea of Joseph Needham )
1. The mixed minerals widely used by ancient Chinese medicine
is because calcium, magnesium, iron and fluoride were added in
the mineral drugs incidentaly, it is actually benefit to the
health of patients.
2. The toxic heavy metals were adopted as major drugs for the
treatment of severe parasite infection which always took the
patient's life if untreated.
I suppose he has given us the final answer of this 2,000 years riddle.
Thank you very much.
Dear Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:
It is a great honor for me to be invited here talk on my topic "
HEAVY METALS IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE " . I am doctor Chi, from
Taiwan, the Republic of China.
First, I will show you some cases We have met in the past three years.
The first case is a 14-month-old female child with severe
failure to thrive, she was only 6 kg. She did not gain any weight since 6
months old. She could not sit and crawl by herself. This is the radiological
study of her hand, we can find the lead line on the epiphysis of radius.
The history revealed she was fed with herb drugs for three months. The
drug sample was checked with lead content 1,300 ppm.
The second case is a 1-month-old male baby admitted to pediatric
surgery ward due to intestinal obstruction. The surgeon found a big mass
in the ileum during explaratory laparotomy. The baby was fed with two kinds
of herb drug preparations by his grandparents.
This picture is a 20-day-old female baby with intestinal obstruction. She was
found to have radiopaque material in the whole abdomen. She was fed with
herb drug for one week.
In this slide, it is a 7-month-old male baby with severe failure to
thrive and intractable seizure attack. He was only 3.3 kg, it is lighter
than his birth weight 3.4 kg. The herb drug fed by the parents was found
to contain lead 470 ppm.
This is a case of severe anemia, the one year old male child was
admitted to our hospital on account of anemia, the blood smear showed
basophilic stippling. The child needed repeat blood transfusions as the
hemoglobin decreased from 7 to 3.5 gm % in five months period. The herb
drug fed by the grandparents was found to contain large amount of lead,
mercury, arsenic and chromium.
In the past three years, we have collected eleven herb drug samples
and checked sixteen metal elements with graphite furnace atomic absorption
spectrometry and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
And we find the mineral content varies between different manufacturers
and even different lot numbers of the same factory.
One of the samples contains Vanadmium 90 ppm, Aluminum 22,960 ppm,
Iron 26,000 ppm , Manganese 490 ppm, Zinc 1,460 ppm, Copper 241 ppm,
Calcium 5,930 ppm and Magnesium 2,390 ppm.
This result implies the herb drug doctor does not know exactly what
kind of minerals he has added to the preparation.
In this table, we can find in this item the Arsenic content is 19,600
ppm, Lead content is from 0.37 to 7.12 ppm, Cadmium is only trace amount.
Mercurial content is variable from trace amount to the highest one 62,700
ppm.
The metals which we needed as iron, calcium and magnesium were also
found. In this column we can see the calcium is 3.27 %, iron is 2.6 %,
magnesium 1.78 %.
This table is the acceptable daily intake of heavy metals estimated by
the department of health.
This slide is the raw material of mineral herb drugs, cinnabar' realgar and
tremolite.
All of you would wonder 1) why the herb drug doctor uses heavy metals
as major drugs in spite of its toxicity ? 2) Why the ancient Chinese
medicine preferred complex mineral drugs.
We should traced back to the history of Chinese medicine.
The metal elements were used before Han dynasty, about 2,500 years ago.
The herb drug doctor supposed the durability of metals, especially gold, can
prolong the life of man, even immortal.
This book with orange cover, Shen-Nong-Pen-Tsao-Ching, is believed to
be written 2,500 years ago, and first revised 2,000 years ago, is still
now the pharmacological Bible of herb drug doctor. 41 minerals were well
documented in this book. They were divided into superior, middle and
inferior groups. The superior group were thought to be " not toxic,
you can eat as much as you can, it will prolong your life, even immortal ";
The middle group were thought to be " some not toxic, some toxic, if the
doctor uses it properly, it always cure disease "; The inferior group were
thought to be " toxic, you should not eat too much, but it might be
effective in some diseases caused by cold and hot wind "
Here are the two major principles in herb drug preparation:
1. The manufacturer should obey ancient formula
2. Family inherited secret ancient formula is always the best one
All of you know Joseph Needham in Cambridge, England. He is now 90
years old. He devoted at least 50 years in studying the science and
civilization in ancient China.
He found that according to the ancient record:
1. Arsenic compounds had sedative effect for a short period;
2. Realgar really encouraged the sexual desire at the very beginning;
3. When the metalic " tan " made the votary die of heavy metal
intoxication, the cadava did not corrupt several years later.
It is the " acceptable form of immortal " 2,000 years ago.
But it is only the superficial reasons. He says that the scientific
explanations of metalic drugs are as follows:
( And here we can see the original idea of Joseph Needham )
1. The mixed minerals widely used by ancient Chinese medicine
is because calcium, magnesium, iron and fluoride were added in
the mineral drugs incidentaly, it is actually benefit to the
health of patients.
2. The toxic heavy metals were adopted as major drugs for the
treatment of severe parasite infection which always took the
patient's life if untreated.
I suppose he has given us the final answer of this 2,000 years riddle.
Thank you very much.
Heavy metals in Chinese herb medicine
Dear Editor:
The November cover story” A History of Heavy Metals” reported on the role that heavy metals play in modern life. The use of heavy metals in Chinese herb medicine should not be overlooked.
According to reports by major hospitals in Taiwan, a large number of cases of heavy metals intoxication have occurred over the past years because older people have insisted that newborn infants be fed with “pa-pao-san”, or “ Eight Treasures Powder”.
( A Chinese herb medicine believed to relieve Tai-tu, or fetal toxin), leading to damage of their nervous system or even death. A joint study conducted in 1991 by the Consumer Foundation and The Medical Inspection Bureau of Drugs and Food in the Department of Health found that one fouth of the “pa-pao-san” used in Taiwan
Contains an excess amount of lead.
In August 1992, the pediatric intensive care unit of Tri-Service General Hospital received a seven-month-old male infant suffering from intractable seizure attack.
It turned out that he had been given a certain Chinese herb medicine that contained 430 ppm of lead for as long as one month. Four months after medication ceased he still has a high concentration of lead in his blood, enough to be diagnosed as lead poisoning under the criteria set by the U.S. Center of Disease Control and Prevention.
The concept of fetal toxin first became prevalent during the Sung Dynasty.
Medical experts at the time believed that it could be cured by hsiung-huang ( realgar ) and niu-huang( cow-bezoare), large amount of both drugs were used in medicine for infants. Cinnabar ( mercuric sulfide) believed to remove excess sputum and relieve Ching-feng (infant convulsion disease), was widely used in various kinds of medicine, as well. There are even records that shui-yin (metallic mercury) was taken directly by the patient during the Sung, Yuan, Ming and Ching Dynasties. Cinnabar, realgar, cow-bezoare and other minerals were subsequently used in large quantities in “pa-pao-san”.
Originally, no lead-containing ingredients were used in the preparation of pa-pao-san. large amount of cinnabar were, however, in short supply and because cinnabar was expensive, some Chinese pharmacists substituted other mineral in gredients, such as
Huang-tan(yellow lead) or chien-tan(red lead or minium—the scientific name is lead tetraoxide), which are similar to cinnabar in color. The result of this misuse was numerous cases of lead poisoning in newborn infants.
Toxicological studies revealed that heavy metal poisoning damages every system of the body. In acute poisoning, ingested heavy metals cause celar damage to the digestive system, producing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, colic pain or tarry stool.
Inhaled in the lungs, they can cause necrotic bronchitis, pneumonia , pulmonary edema and pneumothorax. In chronic poisoning, the central nervous system and hematopoietic system are especially sensitive. Once they enter the body, heavy metals are difficult to be removed from the body. The half-life of lead in the bones, for instance, is estimated to be more than 20 years. Long term accumulation of heavy metals must not be ignored. The U.S. federal law maintains strict safety and limitation value of heavy metals contained in foods.
The concept of fetal toxin originated from ancient misunderstanding of infectious diseases with skin eruptions. Red lead and cinnabar are still used in Chinese herb medicine today, in spite of scientific evidence, resulting in heavy metal poisoning
cases in newborn period.
I hope that the health department of the government will extend regulation to Chinese herb medicine. Until its safety can be assured, the wide-spread use of Chinese herb medicine among the public is not appropriate.
Doctor Chi yun-wen.
December, 1992
編輯先生, 您好:
貴刊十一月封面故事[重金屬生活史] , 報導重金屬在現代生活中的角色,
事實上重金屬在中藥的使用情形, 也不容忽視。
根據國內各大醫院的報告, 歷年來因為老人家要求餵新生兒八寶散, 以 "解胎毒” "去胎火”, 造成新生兒重金屬中毒的案例, 時有所聞, 輕者神經系統受損,智能低下,重者不幸死亡。
去年 8 月,消費者文教基金會與衛生署藥檢局合作的調查中, 發現四分之一的市售八寶散,含鉛量過高。
民國81年 8 月, 三軍總醫院小兒部加護中心, 接獲一件七個月大男嬰
連續抽搐的病例, 病史中提到, 曾經連續服用某種中藥一個月之久, 經檢驗結果,發現所服中藥含鉛過量, 停止使用四個月之後,血中鉛濃度仍高, 據美國疾病管制中心所定的限值, 診斷為鉛中毒。
我國早在宋朝就有[胎毒]的說法, 當時醫學家認為雄黃、 牛黃、 天竺黃、 朱砂、 輕粉等物質, 可以解胎毒, 因此大量用於兒科方劑。 而朱砂廣泛使用於各種方劑, 甚至宋、元、明、清各代都有使用其前身水銀的紀錄, 因此八寶散開始大量採用朱砂、雄黃、牛黃、天竺黃、西黃等礦物藥。
朱砂是傳統中藥方劑用以 [袪痰] 與 [安神] 的藥物, 古代中醫認為 水銀及其化合物等比重極大的金石鎮墜藥可以壓制 [風] 和 [痰]. 因此[鎮驚]、[袪風]、[袪痰] 與 [安神 ] 的藥方, 幾乎都含有水銀、朱砂、輕粉, 但是大量使用之後, 造成傷身致命的悲劇。
八寶牛黃散是有千年歷史的傳統方劑，本來在歷代的八寶散配方中，並沒有含鉛的物質，但是因為朱砂的用量極大，來源稀少，因此價格昂貴，某些中藥店貪圖方便或為了節省成本，以另一種礦物藥材「黃丹」代替，黃丹就是鉛丹，化學名為四氧化三鉛，顏色與朱砂相近，濫用的結果，卻造成新生兒鉛中毒事件層出不窮。
重金屬中毒經毒物學之研究，其作用機轉為對細胞內硫氫基（ＳＨ基）之抑制，因此全身各系統都受害，急性中毒時，食入重金屬對腸胃道傷害明顯，造成噁心、嘔吐、口中金屬味、腹瀉、腹絞痛、黑便，吸入肺中可造成壞死性支氣管炎、肺炎、肺水腫、氣胸；慢性中毒時，中樞神經系統與造血系統尤其敏感，因此任何不明原因的痙攣、昏迷、神經系統病變、貧血、體重減輕、運動失調，都應注意重金屬中毒之可能性。
重金屬進入體內後，不易排除，例如鉛在骨中之半衰期，據估計在２０年以上，其長期累積性不容忽視。
「胎毒」的說法，源自古人對兒童出疹性傳染病的誤解，並無任何科學根據，解胎毒方劑大量採用金石鎮墜藥，使後世小兒受其毒害，更是傳統醫藥歷史上，令人痛心的悲劇。
現代化學家已經能夠詳細分析並且完全了解重金屬的劇毒性質，既然如此，現代中醫實不應繼續使用含混不明的傳統中藥方劑。
今日中醫藥界，有人不顧科學事實，濫用鉛丹、朱砂，使得臨床所見重金屬中毒案例不斷發生，如果中藥的安全性都無法保障，有效性也未做過科學的客觀評估，就不宜放任它在民間普遍應用。
而少數人堅持「遵古炮製」的落伍思想，不但不能救人，反因無知而害人，這是當前醫學界必須立刻解決的重大問題。
衛生主管機關有責任，依據現在毒物學上已知的重金屬毒性數據，將中藥製品納入管理。而社會上有影響力的團體或醫學會，也應該出面舉辦公開聽證會，釐清傳統醫學界許多謬誤觀念。
三軍總醫院小兒專科醫師
亓允文
1993年1月光華雜誌
The November cover story” A History of Heavy Metals” reported on the role that heavy metals play in modern life. The use of heavy metals in Chinese herb medicine should not be overlooked.
According to reports by major hospitals in Taiwan, a large number of cases of heavy metals intoxication have occurred over the past years because older people have insisted that newborn infants be fed with “pa-pao-san”, or “ Eight Treasures Powder”.
( A Chinese herb medicine believed to relieve Tai-tu, or fetal toxin), leading to damage of their nervous system or even death. A joint study conducted in 1991 by the Consumer Foundation and The Medical Inspection Bureau of Drugs and Food in the Department of Health found that one fouth of the “pa-pao-san” used in Taiwan
Contains an excess amount of lead.
In August 1992, the pediatric intensive care unit of Tri-Service General Hospital received a seven-month-old male infant suffering from intractable seizure attack.
It turned out that he had been given a certain Chinese herb medicine that contained 430 ppm of lead for as long as one month. Four months after medication ceased he still has a high concentration of lead in his blood, enough to be diagnosed as lead poisoning under the criteria set by the U.S. Center of Disease Control and Prevention.
The concept of fetal toxin first became prevalent during the Sung Dynasty.
Medical experts at the time believed that it could be cured by hsiung-huang ( realgar ) and niu-huang( cow-bezoare), large amount of both drugs were used in medicine for infants. Cinnabar ( mercuric sulfide) believed to remove excess sputum and relieve Ching-feng (infant convulsion disease), was widely used in various kinds of medicine, as well. There are even records that shui-yin (metallic mercury) was taken directly by the patient during the Sung, Yuan, Ming and Ching Dynasties. Cinnabar, realgar, cow-bezoare and other minerals were subsequently used in large quantities in “pa-pao-san”.
Originally, no lead-containing ingredients were used in the preparation of pa-pao-san. large amount of cinnabar were, however, in short supply and because cinnabar was expensive, some Chinese pharmacists substituted other mineral in gredients, such as
Huang-tan(yellow lead) or chien-tan(red lead or minium—the scientific name is lead tetraoxide), which are similar to cinnabar in color. The result of this misuse was numerous cases of lead poisoning in newborn infants.
Toxicological studies revealed that heavy metal poisoning damages every system of the body. In acute poisoning, ingested heavy metals cause celar damage to the digestive system, producing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, colic pain or tarry stool.
Inhaled in the lungs, they can cause necrotic bronchitis, pneumonia , pulmonary edema and pneumothorax. In chronic poisoning, the central nervous system and hematopoietic system are especially sensitive. Once they enter the body, heavy metals are difficult to be removed from the body. The half-life of lead in the bones, for instance, is estimated to be more than 20 years. Long term accumulation of heavy metals must not be ignored. The U.S. federal law maintains strict safety and limitation value of heavy metals contained in foods.
The concept of fetal toxin originated from ancient misunderstanding of infectious diseases with skin eruptions. Red lead and cinnabar are still used in Chinese herb medicine today, in spite of scientific evidence, resulting in heavy metal poisoning
cases in newborn period.
I hope that the health department of the government will extend regulation to Chinese herb medicine. Until its safety can be assured, the wide-spread use of Chinese herb medicine among the public is not appropriate.
Doctor Chi yun-wen.
December, 1992
編輯先生, 您好:
貴刊十一月封面故事[重金屬生活史] , 報導重金屬在現代生活中的角色,
事實上重金屬在中藥的使用情形, 也不容忽視。
根據國內各大醫院的報告, 歷年來因為老人家要求餵新生兒八寶散, 以 "解胎毒” "去胎火”, 造成新生兒重金屬中毒的案例, 時有所聞, 輕者神經系統受損,智能低下,重者不幸死亡。
去年 8 月,消費者文教基金會與衛生署藥檢局合作的調查中, 發現四分之一的市售八寶散,含鉛量過高。
民國81年 8 月, 三軍總醫院小兒部加護中心, 接獲一件七個月大男嬰
連續抽搐的病例, 病史中提到, 曾經連續服用某種中藥一個月之久, 經檢驗結果,發現所服中藥含鉛過量, 停止使用四個月之後,血中鉛濃度仍高, 據美國疾病管制中心所定的限值, 診斷為鉛中毒。
我國早在宋朝就有[胎毒]的說法, 當時醫學家認為雄黃、 牛黃、 天竺黃、 朱砂、 輕粉等物質, 可以解胎毒, 因此大量用於兒科方劑。 而朱砂廣泛使用於各種方劑, 甚至宋、元、明、清各代都有使用其前身水銀的紀錄, 因此八寶散開始大量採用朱砂、雄黃、牛黃、天竺黃、西黃等礦物藥。
朱砂是傳統中藥方劑用以 [袪痰] 與 [安神] 的藥物, 古代中醫認為 水銀及其化合物等比重極大的金石鎮墜藥可以壓制 [風] 和 [痰]. 因此[鎮驚]、[袪風]、[袪痰] 與 [安神 ] 的藥方, 幾乎都含有水銀、朱砂、輕粉, 但是大量使用之後, 造成傷身致命的悲劇。
八寶牛黃散是有千年歷史的傳統方劑，本來在歷代的八寶散配方中，並沒有含鉛的物質，但是因為朱砂的用量極大，來源稀少，因此價格昂貴，某些中藥店貪圖方便或為了節省成本，以另一種礦物藥材「黃丹」代替，黃丹就是鉛丹，化學名為四氧化三鉛，顏色與朱砂相近，濫用的結果，卻造成新生兒鉛中毒事件層出不窮。
重金屬中毒經毒物學之研究，其作用機轉為對細胞內硫氫基（ＳＨ基）之抑制，因此全身各系統都受害，急性中毒時，食入重金屬對腸胃道傷害明顯，造成噁心、嘔吐、口中金屬味、腹瀉、腹絞痛、黑便，吸入肺中可造成壞死性支氣管炎、肺炎、肺水腫、氣胸；慢性中毒時，中樞神經系統與造血系統尤其敏感，因此任何不明原因的痙攣、昏迷、神經系統病變、貧血、體重減輕、運動失調，都應注意重金屬中毒之可能性。
重金屬進入體內後，不易排除，例如鉛在骨中之半衰期，據估計在２０年以上，其長期累積性不容忽視。
「胎毒」的說法，源自古人對兒童出疹性傳染病的誤解，並無任何科學根據，解胎毒方劑大量採用金石鎮墜藥，使後世小兒受其毒害，更是傳統醫藥歷史上，令人痛心的悲劇。
現代化學家已經能夠詳細分析並且完全了解重金屬的劇毒性質，既然如此，現代中醫實不應繼續使用含混不明的傳統中藥方劑。
今日中醫藥界，有人不顧科學事實，濫用鉛丹、朱砂，使得臨床所見重金屬中毒案例不斷發生，如果中藥的安全性都無法保障，有效性也未做過科學的客觀評估，就不宜放任它在民間普遍應用。
而少數人堅持「遵古炮製」的落伍思想，不但不能救人，反因無知而害人，這是當前醫學界必須立刻解決的重大問題。
衛生主管機關有責任，依據現在毒物學上已知的重金屬毒性數據，將中藥製品納入管理。而社會上有影響力的團體或醫學會，也應該出面舉辦公開聽證會，釐清傳統醫學界許多謬誤觀念。
三軍總醫院小兒專科醫師
亓允文
1993年1月光華雜誌
2011年3月26日 星期六
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
全國 99‧９９ % 的人民失去快樂參選總統權利
[黑金政治]
強力主導立法院通過全世界首見
最荒唐的高額保證金制度
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
國家安全局密件中的[奸匪李登輝]
（見李敖大全集）
主持國民黨政權時
為維護[黑金政治]
強力主導立法院通過全世界首見
最荒唐的高額保證金制度
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
是美國人的 1500 倍
使全國 99‧９９ % 的人民失去快樂參選總統權利
現在再加上黨內初選要繳5,000,000 元
難怪台灣人民找不回笑容
因為這個以金錢劃分階級的制度
讓台灣人民永遠翻不了身了
（只有日本軍國主義的後代拍掌叫好）
大哥第一項政見要求公民投票
討回國民參政權
保證金不得超過國民平均年所得的 三分之一
﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎
快樂参選總统聯盟
全國 99‧９９ % 的人民失去快樂參選總統權利
[黑金政治]
強力主導立法院通過全世界首見
最荒唐的高額保證金制度
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
國家安全局密件中的[奸匪李登輝]
（見李敖大全集）
主持國民黨政權時
為維護[黑金政治]
強力主導立法院通過全世界首見
最荒唐的高額保證金制度
參選總統副總統繳15,000,000 元
是美國人的 1500 倍
使全國 99‧９９ % 的人民失去快樂參選總統權利
現在再加上黨內初選要繳5,000,000 元
難怪台灣人民找不回笑容
因為這個以金錢劃分階級的制度
讓台灣人民永遠翻不了身了
（只有日本軍國主義的後代拍掌叫好）
大哥第一項政見要求公民投票
討回國民參政權
保證金不得超過國民平均年所得的 三分之一
﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎﹎
快樂参選總统聯盟
2011年3月7日 星期一
告全國醫界同胞書
告全國醫界同胞書
親愛的全國醫界同胞們，首先恭喜大家，能夠聽到這個必然影響到無數世代的演講。
全世界大概只有我國，仍使用刑法處斷醫療過失責任，
醫療疏失致病人於傷害或死亡，要受刑法第二八四及二七六條的追訴，
法界人士常把卡車司機過失致路人於死，和醫師過失致病人於死，相提並論，認為若醫師過失致病人於死可以免除刑責，則卡車司機過失致路人於死也可以免除刑責。如果法界及社會大眾真的認為醫師過失致病人於死和卡車司機過失致路人於死沒有不同，那為何不試著撤除醫師法及醫療法強制醫師救人的規定，以觀後效？將醫師救人和卡車司機撞人相提並論，這是對神聖救人行為最大的褻瀆。
把醫師救人等同於卡車司機撞人其實還算客氣，某地檢署的主任檢察官要升教授，他的升等論文題目是「醫事過失犯罪析論」，把醫療過失當成犯罪，把醫療行為當成準犯罪行為，這是對醫事人員救人行為更嚴重的污辱，因為尚未發生醫療過失的醫事人員都是刑事犯罪的未遂犯！多年來我們的法院判醫事人員有罪時同時也判他們緩刑，不將他們關進牢裡去，如果法界對醫界的判刑真能判得心安理得，為何不乾脆將這些有「罪」的醫事人員統統關進牢裡去，免得他們繼續以救人來犯罪，也讓這個社會變成無醫村。
醫師、護士及醫療院所不能拒絕救治危急病人（醫師法第二十一條、醫療法第四十三條、護理人員法第二十六條），若急救病人時不幸發生事故導致醫療糾紛，司法機關常以刑法第二八四及二七六條業務過失致傷害或死亡的規定來追究醫護人員的刑責，這種作法因循已久，罔顧醫事人員的權益，也傷害了病人的權益。
我國法律一方面用醫師法、醫療法強制醫事人員去救人，另一方面卻又拿刑法來對付救人過程中有疏失的醫事人員，要說它是暴政亦不為過。
「動機」的好壞是刑法論罪最重要的依據，若不管一個人行事的動機如何，只要有過失就判刑，則無人敢救人，也有誤用刑法之嫌。用刑法阻卻醫師救人的意願，受害的將是病人，醫院拒收危急病人及醫師避走高風險科別，就是例證。醫師不能有刑法豁免權，這是毫無疑問的，但醫療行為免受刑法追訴則是有法律根據的，人與事不能混為一談。用刑責使急重症病人得不到應有的醫療，也使「醫事過失責任保險」無從建立，造成醫病雙輸，不僅愚蠢，兼且違法違憲，我們還要坐視這些違法違憲的醫療過失刑責繼續荼毒我國的醫事人員及病人嗎？
去年(2010)十月二十四日，高雄長庚紀念醫院教師培育中心與
高屏醫療區域管理委員會，在寒軒國際大飯店
舉辦一場醫療糾紛鑑定品質研討會，筆者報名前往參加。
會中邀請世新大學法律系，甘添貴教授主講，
法界對於醫療糾紛鑑定的期待及鑑定卷證介紹，
在前一題，行政院衛生署醫事處周道君科長，說明醫療糾紛鑑定相關法令介紹後，主持人成功大學醫學院黃國恩榮譽院長，對周道君科長請託，回到臺北後向上級表達醫界期望，醫療法修改為除去刑事責任的心聲，甘添貴教授在開始就說，黃國恩榮譽院長所謂醫界期望，在現階段是不可能的，因為醫療過失除罪後，其他各行各業紛紛要求比照業務過失除罪，比如職業駕駛工會會抗議，我們的業務過失為何不能除罪，茲事體大，所以是不可能的。
甘添貴教授演講完畢後，筆者提出問題:
亓允文: 我是大寮鄉樂生婦幼醫院副院長亓允文醫師，
請問甘律師………..
甘添貴: 我是甘教授
亓允文: 失敬!失敬!請問甘教授，醫療過失以刑事處斷，是沿襲大陸法系還是
海洋法系國家的作法?
甘添貴: 你是指大陸法系還是英美法系嗎? 大陸法系還是英美法系
都有以刑事處斷醫療過失的法律，只是美國常常是有而不用，
但是最近幾年刑事處分有比較多。
亓允文: 那是因為發生療養院護士惡意注射藥物，害死老人的嚴重案件才用。
甘添貴: 但是大陸法系還是英美法系確實都有以刑事處斷醫療案件。
亓允文: 請問我們是大陸法系還是英美法系?
甘添貴: 我們不是大陸法系也不是英美法系，我們是自己的法系。
亓允文: 在座各位可能沒有上過法庭，很難感同身受，我是上過法庭的，
大家在電影裏看過很多美國法庭，檢方辯方都是坐著，只有宣誓或表達
才站起來，原告被告都公平，因為案件判決確定前，他不認為你有罪，
就是無罪推定原則，我們的法庭不一樣，法官檢察官是高高在上，原告被告站在下面，是不能坐的，我的感受是，我們沿襲大陸法系的作法，法庭的權力來自皇權，高高在上，被告被看做犯人或罪人，不能坐，根本就是有罪推定原則。
我被告過兩次，雖然我自認很謹慎沒有錯，最後被判無罪不起訴，
但是一個案件平均要兩年，兩個案要跑四年法院，這是一種煎熬，
我要不是有信仰和其他因素支撐，可能早就倒下了。
甘添貴: 以前不重視人權的時代是有罪推定原則，所以有刑求，警察局和
調查局移送後，被告否認筆錄，說是被刑求不認罪，
現在民主重視人權，不論是大陸法系還是英美法系都是無罪推定原則，
這是世界潮流，我們的法庭也一樣。
亓允文: 你去看看法庭的座位擺設，就知道刑事法庭是讓人感受有罪推定原則。
甘添貴: 我沒去法庭也知道是無罪推定原則。
亓允文: 醫療過失刑事處斷就是有罪推定原則。
甘添貴: 你這樣講，我很不高興。
亓允文: 你很不高興，我也很不高興。
高雄長庚醫院心臟血管外科李芳豔醫師，出來打圓場，結束此次討論。
經過此次精彩的醫療法律爭辯後，筆者深刻感受到，我們的法界權威是以醫療過失刑事處斷，當作一種緊箍咒條款，壓制不聽話的孫悟空，而其心理根源就是
繼承皇權高高在上的統治心態，我們的醫界把期望要爭回醫療人權，寄託在這
位法界權威大老，是永遠不可能實現的。
現在是民主法治時代，人民的權利必須自己爭取，醫界同道要爭取醫療人權，
首先必須團結一致，不要受到政客藍綠紅白的分化撥弄，在下次總統大選
推出自己的總統候選人，在大選辯論中明確說明，醫療人權也是基本人權，並且以民事處斷醫療糾紛，是醫病雙贏的法律架構。
如果有醫界同道不願涉足政治，筆者也建議以醫師公會理事長及
各大醫學會理事長，具名邀請各黨總統候選人，聽取醫界心聲，凡是接納醫療過失民事處斷的政黨或總統候選人，醫界全體一致支持，如此才能在最短期內解決法界大老的心理魔咒。
親愛的全國醫界同胞們，首先恭喜大家，能夠聽到這個必然影響到無數世代的演講。
全世界大概只有我國，仍使用刑法處斷醫療過失責任，
醫療疏失致病人於傷害或死亡，要受刑法第二八四及二七六條的追訴，
法界人士常把卡車司機過失致路人於死，和醫師過失致病人於死，相提並論，認為若醫師過失致病人於死可以免除刑責，則卡車司機過失致路人於死也可以免除刑責。如果法界及社會大眾真的認為醫師過失致病人於死和卡車司機過失致路人於死沒有不同，那為何不試著撤除醫師法及醫療法強制醫師救人的規定，以觀後效？將醫師救人和卡車司機撞人相提並論，這是對神聖救人行為最大的褻瀆。
把醫師救人等同於卡車司機撞人其實還算客氣，某地檢署的主任檢察官要升教授，他的升等論文題目是「醫事過失犯罪析論」，把醫療過失當成犯罪，把醫療行為當成準犯罪行為，這是對醫事人員救人行為更嚴重的污辱，因為尚未發生醫療過失的醫事人員都是刑事犯罪的未遂犯！多年來我們的法院判醫事人員有罪時同時也判他們緩刑，不將他們關進牢裡去，如果法界對醫界的判刑真能判得心安理得，為何不乾脆將這些有「罪」的醫事人員統統關進牢裡去，免得他們繼續以救人來犯罪，也讓這個社會變成無醫村。
醫師、護士及醫療院所不能拒絕救治危急病人（醫師法第二十一條、醫療法第四十三條、護理人員法第二十六條），若急救病人時不幸發生事故導致醫療糾紛，司法機關常以刑法第二八四及二七六條業務過失致傷害或死亡的規定來追究醫護人員的刑責，這種作法因循已久，罔顧醫事人員的權益，也傷害了病人的權益。
我國法律一方面用醫師法、醫療法強制醫事人員去救人，另一方面卻又拿刑法來對付救人過程中有疏失的醫事人員，要說它是暴政亦不為過。
「動機」的好壞是刑法論罪最重要的依據，若不管一個人行事的動機如何，只要有過失就判刑，則無人敢救人，也有誤用刑法之嫌。用刑法阻卻醫師救人的意願，受害的將是病人，醫院拒收危急病人及醫師避走高風險科別，就是例證。醫師不能有刑法豁免權，這是毫無疑問的，但醫療行為免受刑法追訴則是有法律根據的，人與事不能混為一談。用刑責使急重症病人得不到應有的醫療，也使「醫事過失責任保險」無從建立，造成醫病雙輸，不僅愚蠢，兼且違法違憲，我們還要坐視這些違法違憲的醫療過失刑責繼續荼毒我國的醫事人員及病人嗎？
去年(2010)十月二十四日，高雄長庚紀念醫院教師培育中心與
高屏醫療區域管理委員會，在寒軒國際大飯店
舉辦一場醫療糾紛鑑定品質研討會，筆者報名前往參加。
會中邀請世新大學法律系，甘添貴教授主講，
法界對於醫療糾紛鑑定的期待及鑑定卷證介紹，
在前一題，行政院衛生署醫事處周道君科長，說明醫療糾紛鑑定相關法令介紹後，主持人成功大學醫學院黃國恩榮譽院長，對周道君科長請託，回到臺北後向上級表達醫界期望，醫療法修改為除去刑事責任的心聲，甘添貴教授在開始就說，黃國恩榮譽院長所謂醫界期望，在現階段是不可能的，因為醫療過失除罪後，其他各行各業紛紛要求比照業務過失除罪，比如職業駕駛工會會抗議，我們的業務過失為何不能除罪，茲事體大，所以是不可能的。
甘添貴教授演講完畢後，筆者提出問題:
亓允文: 我是大寮鄉樂生婦幼醫院副院長亓允文醫師，
請問甘律師………..
甘添貴: 我是甘教授
亓允文: 失敬!失敬!請問甘教授，醫療過失以刑事處斷，是沿襲大陸法系還是
海洋法系國家的作法?
甘添貴: 你是指大陸法系還是英美法系嗎? 大陸法系還是英美法系
都有以刑事處斷醫療過失的法律，只是美國常常是有而不用，
但是最近幾年刑事處分有比較多。
亓允文: 那是因為發生療養院護士惡意注射藥物，害死老人的嚴重案件才用。
甘添貴: 但是大陸法系還是英美法系確實都有以刑事處斷醫療案件。
亓允文: 請問我們是大陸法系還是英美法系?
甘添貴: 我們不是大陸法系也不是英美法系，我們是自己的法系。
亓允文: 在座各位可能沒有上過法庭，很難感同身受，我是上過法庭的，
大家在電影裏看過很多美國法庭，檢方辯方都是坐著，只有宣誓或表達
才站起來，原告被告都公平，因為案件判決確定前，他不認為你有罪，
就是無罪推定原則，我們的法庭不一樣，法官檢察官是高高在上，原告被告站在下面，是不能坐的，我的感受是，我們沿襲大陸法系的作法，法庭的權力來自皇權，高高在上，被告被看做犯人或罪人，不能坐，根本就是有罪推定原則。
我被告過兩次，雖然我自認很謹慎沒有錯，最後被判無罪不起訴，
但是一個案件平均要兩年，兩個案要跑四年法院，這是一種煎熬，
我要不是有信仰和其他因素支撐，可能早就倒下了。
甘添貴: 以前不重視人權的時代是有罪推定原則，所以有刑求，警察局和
調查局移送後，被告否認筆錄，說是被刑求不認罪，
現在民主重視人權，不論是大陸法系還是英美法系都是無罪推定原則，
這是世界潮流，我們的法庭也一樣。
亓允文: 你去看看法庭的座位擺設，就知道刑事法庭是讓人感受有罪推定原則。
甘添貴: 我沒去法庭也知道是無罪推定原則。
亓允文: 醫療過失刑事處斷就是有罪推定原則。
甘添貴: 你這樣講，我很不高興。
亓允文: 你很不高興，我也很不高興。
高雄長庚醫院心臟血管外科李芳豔醫師，出來打圓場，結束此次討論。
經過此次精彩的醫療法律爭辯後，筆者深刻感受到，我們的法界權威是以醫療過失刑事處斷，當作一種緊箍咒條款，壓制不聽話的孫悟空，而其心理根源就是
繼承皇權高高在上的統治心態，我們的醫界把期望要爭回醫療人權，寄託在這
位法界權威大老，是永遠不可能實現的。
現在是民主法治時代，人民的權利必須自己爭取，醫界同道要爭取醫療人權，
首先必須團結一致，不要受到政客藍綠紅白的分化撥弄，在下次總統大選
推出自己的總統候選人，在大選辯論中明確說明，醫療人權也是基本人權，並且以民事處斷醫療糾紛，是醫病雙贏的法律架構。
如果有醫界同道不願涉足政治，筆者也建議以醫師公會理事長及
各大醫學會理事長，具名邀請各黨總統候選人，聽取醫界心聲，凡是接納醫療過失民事處斷的政黨或總統候選人，醫界全體一致支持，如此才能在最短期內解決法界大老的心理魔咒。
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